Contamination of environmental surfaces by genital human papillomaviruses
نویسندگان
چکیده
Objective: To investigate contamination of environmental surfaces with human papillomaviruses (HPV) DNA in two genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics and in an on-site staff leisure and fitness centre. Methods: Samples were collected from the treatment rooms and patients’ toilets of two GUM clinics situated at two hospital sites and from the toilets of the staff leisure and fitness centre on one of the sites. Samples were tested for the presence of HPV DNA by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and HPV amplicons were typed by reverse line hybridisation using HPV type specific oligonucleotide probes complementary to 35 HPV types. All samples were also tested for β globin DNA by PCR in order to assess their quality. Results: HPV DNA was found to be present at more than 50% of the sites sampled in one of the GUM clinics, but was absent in the second, and also from the staff leisure and fitness centre. All HPV DNA detected was found to be cell associated. The most commonly found HPV types were 6, 11, and 16, respectively. HPV infected cells were found to be localised mainly to surfaces used predominantly by medical staff. Conclusions: This study has identified contamination of the environment of a GUM clinic. Possible sources for the contamination of the clinic toilets were from genital sites via hands to the environment. Within the treatment rooms the most likely route of HPV DNA contamination of the environment was via the doctor’s gloved hands.
منابع مشابه
Contamination of environmental surfaces by genital human papillomaviruses (HPV): a follow up study.
OBJECTIVE To investigate contamination of environmental surfaces with human papillomaviruses (HPV) DNA in two genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics and in an on-site staff leisure and fitness centre. METHODS Samples were collected from the treatment rooms and patients' toilets of two GUM clinics situated at two hospital sites and from the toilets of the staff leisure and fitness centre on one ...
متن کاملDetection of human papilloma viruses type 16 and 18 by PCR and RFLP in paraffin-embedded cervical cancer tissue specimens
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect mucosal and cutaneous epithelia and cause malignant and benign neoplastic lesions. Human papillomaviruses cause 250000 deaths per year from cervical cancer most often in developing countries. This major public health problem make them important targets in the search for Human papillomaviruses detection methods that may play a role in cervical cancer screen...
متن کاملMolecular epidemiology of Human Papillomaviruses in breast cancer, Golestan province of Iran
Abstract Background and objectives: Breast cancer is the most prevalent one in women. Some of the common causative factors are genetic background, nutritional and environmental factors. Viruses are believed as a risk factor in this cancer, too. Recent studies reported that Human Papillomaviruses can be one of the possible risk factors of breast cancer. This study focused on investigation of the...
متن کاملUpdate on the diagnosis and treatment of human papillomavirus infection.
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are associated with a spectrum of diseases, ranging from common warts to invasive carcinoma of the genital tract. The clinical manifestations of HPV infection depend on the viral subtype, the immune status of the patient, and environmental co-carcinogens. Infection with HPV is often asymptomatic, which makes viral detection challenging. Current therapies do not rel...
متن کاملSurvey of bacterial contamination of environment of swimming pools in Yazd city, in 2013
Background: Infections are readily transmitted as a result of bacterial contamination of swimming pools. Therefore, hygiene and preventing the contamination of swimming pools is of particular importance. The objective of this study was to determine the amount of bacterial contamination in indoor pools of Yazd in 2013. Methods: In this descriptive and analytical study, all indoor swimming pools ...
متن کامل